Naujausi A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P R S T V W Y Z
Pavadinimas: BIOMEDICAL ETHICS FIFTH EDITION
Autoriai: THOMAS A. MAPPES AND DAVID DEGRAZIA
Metai: 2001
ISBN: 0-07-230365-4
Leidykla: Boston : McGraw-Hill Higher Education
Brūkšninis kodas: 003075097630
Ieškoti VUB kataloge
Anotacija:
Preface
Chapter 1: GENERAL INTRODUCTION
The Nature of Biomedical Ethics
Recently Dominant Ethical Theories
The Critical Assessment of Competing Ethical Theories
Teleological Versus Deontological Theories
Act-Utilitarianism
Rule-Utilitarianism
Kantian Deontology
W.D. Ross's Theory of Prima Facie Duties
The Principles of Biomedical Ethics
Alternative Directions and Methods
Virtue Ethics
The Ethics of Care and Feminist Ethics
Casuistry: Case-Based Reasoning in Historical Context
Reflective Equilibrium and Appeals to Coherence
Confronting Ethical Relativism
Fundamental Concepts and Principles
Autonomy
Liberty-Limiting Principles
Paternalism
Notes
Annotated Bibliography
Appendix: Selected Reference Sources in Biomedical Ethics
Print Resources
Web Resources
Chapter 2: THE PHYSICIAN-PATIENT RELATIONSHIP
Physicians' Obligations and Virtues
The Hippocratic Oath
Council of Ethical and Judicial Affairs, American Medical Association, Fundamental Elements of the
Patient-Physician Relationship
Edmund D. Pellegrino, The Virtuous Physician and the Ethics of Medicine
Physician-Patient Models and Patient Autonomy
James F. Childress and Mark Siegler, Metaphors and Models of Doctor-Patient Relationships: Their
Implications for Autonomy
Terrence F. Ackerman, Why Doctors Should Intervene
Truth Telling
Roger Higgs, On Telling Patients the Truth
*Benjamin Freedman, Offering the Truth: One Ethical Approach to the Uninformed Cancer Patient
Informed Consent
Judge Spotswood W. Robinson III, Opinion in Canterbury v. Spence
President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research, The Values Underlying Informed Consent
Howard Brody, Transparency: Informed Consent in Primary Care
The Practice of Medicine in a Multicultural Society
Ruth Macklin, Ethical Relativism in a Multicultural Society
Kenneth Kipnis, Quality Care and the Wounds of Diversity
Contested Therapies within the Physician-Patient Relationship
*Franklin G. Miller, Howard Brody, and Kevin C. Chung, Cosmetic Surgery and the Internal Morality of Medicine
*Claudia Mills, One Pill Makes You Smarter: An Ethical Appraisal of the Rise of Ritalin
Conflicts of Interest, Problems of Conscience, and Managed Care
Marcia Angell, The Doctor as Double Agent
Daniel Callahan, Managed Care and the Goals of Medicine
*James F. Childress, Conscience and the Conscientious Actions in the Context of MCOs
Annotated Bibliography
Chapter 3: HOSPITALS, NURSES, FAMILIES, AND MEDICAL CONFIDENTIALITY
Professional Statements
*American Hospital Association, The Patient Care Partnership: Understanding Expectations, Rights and Responsibilities
American Nurses' Association, Code of Ethics for Nurses
The Role and Responsibilities of Nurses
Lisa H. Newton, In Defense of the Traditional Nurse
Helga Kuhse, Advocacy or Subservience for the Sake of Patients?
Amy H. Haddad, The Nurse/Physician Relationship and Ethical Decision Making
Families and Medical Decision Making
Thomas A. Mappes and Jane S. Zembaty, Patient Choices, Family Interests, and Physician Obligations
*Bonnie Poitras Tucker, Deaf Culture, Cochlear Implants, and Elective Disability
*Sherri A. Groveman, The Hanukkah Bush: Ethical Implications in the Clinical Management of Intersex
Confidentiality
Justice Mathew O. Tobriner, Majority Opinion in Tarasoff v. Regents of the University of California
Justice William P. Clar, Dissenting Opinion in Tarasoff v. Regents of the University of California
Please Don't Tell!: A Case About HIV and Confidentiality (with commentaries by Leonard Fleck and Marcia Angell)
Annotated Bibliography
Chapter 4: HUMAN AND ANIMAL RESEARCH
Ethical Codes
The Nuremberg Code
World Medical Association, Declaration of Helsinki
Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences, International Guiding Principles for Biomedical Research Involving Animals
Research Involving "Vulnerable" Populations
*Barry F. Brown, Proxy Consent for Research on the Incompetent Elderly
Patricia A. King, The Dangers of Difference
Alexander Morgan Capron, Ethical and Human-Rights Issues in Research on Mental Disorders That May Affect Decision-Making Capacity
Experimental Design and Randomized Clinical Trials
Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. Hellman, Of Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial
*Don Marquis, How to Resolve and Ethical Dilemma Concerning Randomized Clinical Trials
Clinical Trials in Developing Countries
*Leonard H. Glantz, George J. Annas, Michael A. Grodin, and Wendy K. Mariner, Research in Developing Countries: Taking Benefit Seriously
*Baruch Brody, Ethical Issues in Clinical Trials in Developing Countries
Animal Research
Carl Cohen, The Case for the Use of Animals in Biomedical Research
Edwin Converse Hettinger, The Responsible Use of Animals in Biomedical Research
*David DeGrazia, The Ethics of Animal Research: What Are the Prospects for Agreement?
Annotated Bibliography
Chapter 5: DEATH AND DECISIONS REGARDING LIFE-SUSTAINING TREATMENT
The Definition and Determination of Death
President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research, Why "Update" Death?
Charles M. Culver and Bernard Gert, The Definition and Criterion of Death
Martin Benjamin, Pragmatism and the Determination of Death
Competent Adults and the Refusal of Life-Sustaining Treatment
Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs, American Medical Association, Withholding and Withdrawing Life-Sustaining Treatment
Tia Powell and Bruce Lowenstein, Refusing Life-Sustaining Treatment After Catastrophic Injury: Ethical Implications
*Vicki Michel, Suicide by Persons with Disabilities Disguised as the Refusal of Life-Sustaining Treatment
DNR Orders and Medical Futility
Tom Tomlinson and Howard Brody, Ethics and Communication in Do-Not-Resuscitate Orders
Mark R. Wicclair, Medical Futility: A Conceptual and Ethical Analysis
Advance Directives and Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Adults
Thomas A. Mappes, Some Reflections on Advance Directives
Norman L. Cantor, My Annotated Living Will
*Rebecca Dresser, The Conscious Incompetent Patient
The Treatment of Impaired Infants
John A. Robertson, Involuntary Euthanasia of Defective Newborns
Members of The Hastings Center Research Project on the Care of Imperiled Newborns, Standards of Judgment for Treatment of Imperiled Newborns
Annotated Bibliography
Chapter 6: SUICIDE, PHYSICIAN-ASSISTED SUICIDE, AND ACTIVE EUTHANASIA
The Morality of Suicide
Immanuel Kant, Suicide
R.B. Brandt, The Morality and Rationality of Suicide
The Morality of Active Euthanasia
James Rachels, Active and Passive Euthanasia
Daniel Callahan, Killing and Allowing to Die
Dan W. Brock, Voluntary Active Euthanasia
The Supreme Court, Physician-Assisted Suicide, and Terminal Sedation
Chief Justice William H. Rehnquist, Opinion of the Court in Washington v. Glucksberg
Chief Justice William H. Rehnquist, Opinion of the Court in Vacco v. Quill
Justice Sandra Day O'Connor, Concurring Opinion in Washington v. Glucksberg and Vacco v. Quill
David Orentlicher, The Supreme Court and Physician-Assisted Suicide: Rejecting Assisted Suicide but Embracing Euthanasia
Physician-Assisted Suicide, Active Euthanasia, and Social Policy
Timothy E. Quill, Christine K. Cassel, and Diane E. Meier, Care of the Hopelessly Ill: Proposed Clinical Criteria for Physician-Assisted Suicide
*The Oregon Death with Dignity Act
Franklin G. Miller, Timothy E. Quizz, Howard Brody, John C. Fletcher, Lawrence O. Gostin, and Diane E. Meier, Regulating Physician-Assisted Death
John D. Arras, On the Slippery Slope in the Empire State: The New York State Task Force on Physician-Assisted Death
James L. Bernat, Bernard Gert, and R. Peter Mogielnicki, Patient Refusal of Hydration and Nutrition: An Alternative to Physician-Assisted Suicide or Voluntary Active Euthanasia
Annotated Bibliography
Chapter 7: ABORTION AND RESEARCH ON EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS
The Morality of Abortion
Pope John Paul II, The Unspeakable Crime of Abortion
Mary Anne Warren, On the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion
Don Marquis, Why Abortion Is Immoral
Judith Jarvis Thomson, A Defense of Abortion
*Margaret Olivia Little, The Morality of Abortion
Abortion and Social Policy
Justice Harry Blackmun, Majority Opinion in Roe v. Wade
*George J. Annas, "Partial-Birth Abortion" and the Supreme Court
Research on Embryonic Stem Cells
*National Institutes of Health, Stem Cells: A Primer
*Bonnie Steinbock, What Does "Respect for Embryos" Mean in the Context of Stem Cell Research?
*President's Council on Bioethics, The Moral Case against Cloning-for-Biomedical-Research
Annotated Bibliography
Chapter 8: GENETICS AND HUMAN REPRODUCTION
Reproductive Risk, Prenatal Diagnosis, and Selective Abortion
Leon R. Kass, Implications of Prenatal Diagnosis for the Human Right to Life
Laura M. Purdy, Genetics and Reproductive Risk: Can Having Children Be Immoral?
Reproductive Technologies
*Peter Singer, IVF: The Simple Case
Susan Sherwin, Feminist Ethics and In Vitro Fertilization
The New York State Task Force on Life and the Law, Ethical Debates About Infertility and Its Treatment
*President's Council on Bioethics, Assisted Reproduction
Gamete Donation and Surrogacy
Thomas H. Murray, Families, the Marketplace and Values: New Ways of Making Babies
Bonnie Steinbock, Surrogate Motherhood as Prenatal Adoption
Human Cloning
Leon R. Kass, Cloning of Human Beings
*Thomas H. Murray, Even If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back
Robert Wachbroit, Genetic Encores: The Ethics of Human Cloning
Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis
*John A. Robertson, Extending Preimplanation Genetic Diagnosis: Medical and Non-Medical Uses
*President's Council on Bioethics, Selecting Embryos for Desired Traits
Gene Therapy
*Sophia Kolehmainen, The Dangerous Promise of Gene Therapy
*Marina Cavazzana-Calvo, Adrian Thrasher, and Fulvio Mavilio, The Future of Gene Therapy: Balancing the Risks and Benefits of Clinical Trials
LeRoy Walters and Julie Gage Palmer, Germ-Line Gene Therapy
Genetic Enhancement
*Walter Glannon, Genetic Enhancement
*Dan W. Brock, Genetic Engineering
Annotated Bibliography
Chapter 9: SOCIAL JUSTICE AND HEALTH-CARE POLICY
Justice, Rights and Societal Obligations
Allen Buchanan, Justice: A Philosophical Review
Kai Nelson, Autonomy, Equality and a Just Health Care System
Rationing, Managed Care, and Health-Care Reform in the United States
Norman Daniels, Is the Oregon Rationing Plan Fair?
Allen Buchanan, Managed Care: Rationing Without Justice, but Not Unjustly
*Leonard M. Fleck, Rationing: Don't Give Up
Norman Daniels and James Sabin, Closure, Fair Procedures, and Setting Limits Within Managed Care Organizations
*Ezekiel Emanuel, Health Care Reform: Still Possible
International Models and Perspectives
Pat Armstrong, Managing Care the Canadian Way
*John K. Iglehart, Restoring the Status of an Icon: A Talk with Canada's Minister of Health
Gerd Richter, The German Health Care System
Nicholas Mays and Justin Keen, Will the Fudge on Equity Sustain the NHS into the Next Millennium?
*Giovanna Ruberto, Ethics, Politics, and Priorities in the Italian Health-Care System
Annotated Bibliography
Autoriai: THOMAS A. MAPPES AND DAVID DEGRAZIA
Metai: 2001
ISBN: 0-07-230365-4
Leidykla: Boston : McGraw-Hill Higher Education
Brūkšninis kodas: 003075097630
Ieškoti VUB kataloge
Anotacija:
Now in paperback for the first time, this best-selling anthology of readings and case studies provides insightful and comprehensive treatment of ethical issues in medicine. The readings in Biomedical Ethics offer high-quality analyses coupled with exceptionally clear writing. They reflect diverse viewpoints on the leading issues in biomedical ethics, such as conflicts of interest in medicine, advance directives, physician-assisted suicide, and the rationing of health care. Introductions identify the central issues of each chapter in addition to various positions and arguments surrounding these issues. Brief abstracts precede each selection and annotated bibliographies follow each chapter.
In this edition, 43 of the 108 selections are new and there are seven new sections, including The Practice of Medicine in a Multicultural Society, The Role of the Family, The Supreme Court and Physician-Assisted Suicide, Gamete Donation and Surrogacy, Cloning, Managed Care and Social Justice, and International Models and Perspectives.
Preface
Chapter 1: GENERAL INTRODUCTION
The Nature of Biomedical Ethics
Recently Dominant Ethical Theories
The Critical Assessment of Competing Ethical Theories
Teleological Versus Deontological Theories
Act-Utilitarianism
Rule-Utilitarianism
Kantian Deontology
W.D. Ross's Theory of Prima Facie Duties
The Principles of Biomedical Ethics
Alternative Directions and Methods
Virtue Ethics
The Ethics of Care and Feminist Ethics
Casuistry: Case-Based Reasoning in Historical Context
Reflective Equilibrium and Appeals to Coherence
Confronting Ethical Relativism
Fundamental Concepts and Principles
Autonomy
Liberty-Limiting Principles
Paternalism
Notes
Annotated Bibliography
Appendix: Selected Reference Sources in Biomedical Ethics
Print Resources
Web Resources
Chapter 2: THE PHYSICIAN-PATIENT RELATIONSHIP
Physicians' Obligations and Virtues
The Hippocratic Oath
Council of Ethical and Judicial Affairs, American Medical Association, Fundamental Elements of the
Patient-Physician Relationship
Edmund D. Pellegrino, The Virtuous Physician and the Ethics of Medicine
Physician-Patient Models and Patient Autonomy
James F. Childress and Mark Siegler, Metaphors and Models of Doctor-Patient Relationships: Their
Implications for Autonomy
Terrence F. Ackerman, Why Doctors Should Intervene
Truth Telling
Roger Higgs, On Telling Patients the Truth
*Benjamin Freedman, Offering the Truth: One Ethical Approach to the Uninformed Cancer Patient
Informed Consent
Judge Spotswood W. Robinson III, Opinion in Canterbury v. Spence
President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research, The Values Underlying Informed Consent
Howard Brody, Transparency: Informed Consent in Primary Care
The Practice of Medicine in a Multicultural Society
Ruth Macklin, Ethical Relativism in a Multicultural Society
Kenneth Kipnis, Quality Care and the Wounds of Diversity
Contested Therapies within the Physician-Patient Relationship
*Franklin G. Miller, Howard Brody, and Kevin C. Chung, Cosmetic Surgery and the Internal Morality of Medicine
*Claudia Mills, One Pill Makes You Smarter: An Ethical Appraisal of the Rise of Ritalin
Conflicts of Interest, Problems of Conscience, and Managed Care
Marcia Angell, The Doctor as Double Agent
Daniel Callahan, Managed Care and the Goals of Medicine
*James F. Childress, Conscience and the Conscientious Actions in the Context of MCOs
Annotated Bibliography
Chapter 3: HOSPITALS, NURSES, FAMILIES, AND MEDICAL CONFIDENTIALITY
Professional Statements
*American Hospital Association, The Patient Care Partnership: Understanding Expectations, Rights and Responsibilities
American Nurses' Association, Code of Ethics for Nurses
The Role and Responsibilities of Nurses
Lisa H. Newton, In Defense of the Traditional Nurse
Helga Kuhse, Advocacy or Subservience for the Sake of Patients?
Amy H. Haddad, The Nurse/Physician Relationship and Ethical Decision Making
Families and Medical Decision Making
Thomas A. Mappes and Jane S. Zembaty, Patient Choices, Family Interests, and Physician Obligations
*Bonnie Poitras Tucker, Deaf Culture, Cochlear Implants, and Elective Disability
*Sherri A. Groveman, The Hanukkah Bush: Ethical Implications in the Clinical Management of Intersex
Confidentiality
Justice Mathew O. Tobriner, Majority Opinion in Tarasoff v. Regents of the University of California
Justice William P. Clar, Dissenting Opinion in Tarasoff v. Regents of the University of California
Please Don't Tell!: A Case About HIV and Confidentiality (with commentaries by Leonard Fleck and Marcia Angell)
Annotated Bibliography
Chapter 4: HUMAN AND ANIMAL RESEARCH
Ethical Codes
The Nuremberg Code
World Medical Association, Declaration of Helsinki
Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences, International Guiding Principles for Biomedical Research Involving Animals
Research Involving "Vulnerable" Populations
*Barry F. Brown, Proxy Consent for Research on the Incompetent Elderly
Patricia A. King, The Dangers of Difference
Alexander Morgan Capron, Ethical and Human-Rights Issues in Research on Mental Disorders That May Affect Decision-Making Capacity
Experimental Design and Randomized Clinical Trials
Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. Hellman, Of Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial
*Don Marquis, How to Resolve and Ethical Dilemma Concerning Randomized Clinical Trials
Clinical Trials in Developing Countries
*Leonard H. Glantz, George J. Annas, Michael A. Grodin, and Wendy K. Mariner, Research in Developing Countries: Taking Benefit Seriously
*Baruch Brody, Ethical Issues in Clinical Trials in Developing Countries
Animal Research
Carl Cohen, The Case for the Use of Animals in Biomedical Research
Edwin Converse Hettinger, The Responsible Use of Animals in Biomedical Research
*David DeGrazia, The Ethics of Animal Research: What Are the Prospects for Agreement?
Annotated Bibliography
Chapter 5: DEATH AND DECISIONS REGARDING LIFE-SUSTAINING TREATMENT
The Definition and Determination of Death
President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research, Why "Update" Death?
Charles M. Culver and Bernard Gert, The Definition and Criterion of Death
Martin Benjamin, Pragmatism and the Determination of Death
Competent Adults and the Refusal of Life-Sustaining Treatment
Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs, American Medical Association, Withholding and Withdrawing Life-Sustaining Treatment
Tia Powell and Bruce Lowenstein, Refusing Life-Sustaining Treatment After Catastrophic Injury: Ethical Implications
*Vicki Michel, Suicide by Persons with Disabilities Disguised as the Refusal of Life-Sustaining Treatment
DNR Orders and Medical Futility
Tom Tomlinson and Howard Brody, Ethics and Communication in Do-Not-Resuscitate Orders
Mark R. Wicclair, Medical Futility: A Conceptual and Ethical Analysis
Advance Directives and Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Adults
Thomas A. Mappes, Some Reflections on Advance Directives
Norman L. Cantor, My Annotated Living Will
*Rebecca Dresser, The Conscious Incompetent Patient
The Treatment of Impaired Infants
John A. Robertson, Involuntary Euthanasia of Defective Newborns
Members of The Hastings Center Research Project on the Care of Imperiled Newborns, Standards of Judgment for Treatment of Imperiled Newborns
Annotated Bibliography
Chapter 6: SUICIDE, PHYSICIAN-ASSISTED SUICIDE, AND ACTIVE EUTHANASIA
The Morality of Suicide
Immanuel Kant, Suicide
R.B. Brandt, The Morality and Rationality of Suicide
The Morality of Active Euthanasia
James Rachels, Active and Passive Euthanasia
Daniel Callahan, Killing and Allowing to Die
Dan W. Brock, Voluntary Active Euthanasia
The Supreme Court, Physician-Assisted Suicide, and Terminal Sedation
Chief Justice William H. Rehnquist, Opinion of the Court in Washington v. Glucksberg
Chief Justice William H. Rehnquist, Opinion of the Court in Vacco v. Quill
Justice Sandra Day O'Connor, Concurring Opinion in Washington v. Glucksberg and Vacco v. Quill
David Orentlicher, The Supreme Court and Physician-Assisted Suicide: Rejecting Assisted Suicide but Embracing Euthanasia
Physician-Assisted Suicide, Active Euthanasia, and Social Policy
Timothy E. Quill, Christine K. Cassel, and Diane E. Meier, Care of the Hopelessly Ill: Proposed Clinical Criteria for Physician-Assisted Suicide
*The Oregon Death with Dignity Act
Franklin G. Miller, Timothy E. Quizz, Howard Brody, John C. Fletcher, Lawrence O. Gostin, and Diane E. Meier, Regulating Physician-Assisted Death
John D. Arras, On the Slippery Slope in the Empire State: The New York State Task Force on Physician-Assisted Death
James L. Bernat, Bernard Gert, and R. Peter Mogielnicki, Patient Refusal of Hydration and Nutrition: An Alternative to Physician-Assisted Suicide or Voluntary Active Euthanasia
Annotated Bibliography
Chapter 7: ABORTION AND RESEARCH ON EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS
The Morality of Abortion
Pope John Paul II, The Unspeakable Crime of Abortion
Mary Anne Warren, On the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion
Don Marquis, Why Abortion Is Immoral
Judith Jarvis Thomson, A Defense of Abortion
*Margaret Olivia Little, The Morality of Abortion
Abortion and Social Policy
Justice Harry Blackmun, Majority Opinion in Roe v. Wade
*George J. Annas, "Partial-Birth Abortion" and the Supreme Court
Research on Embryonic Stem Cells
*National Institutes of Health, Stem Cells: A Primer
*Bonnie Steinbock, What Does "Respect for Embryos" Mean in the Context of Stem Cell Research?
*President's Council on Bioethics, The Moral Case against Cloning-for-Biomedical-Research
Annotated Bibliography
Chapter 8: GENETICS AND HUMAN REPRODUCTION
Reproductive Risk, Prenatal Diagnosis, and Selective Abortion
Leon R. Kass, Implications of Prenatal Diagnosis for the Human Right to Life
Laura M. Purdy, Genetics and Reproductive Risk: Can Having Children Be Immoral?
Reproductive Technologies
*Peter Singer, IVF: The Simple Case
Susan Sherwin, Feminist Ethics and In Vitro Fertilization
The New York State Task Force on Life and the Law, Ethical Debates About Infertility and Its Treatment
*President's Council on Bioethics, Assisted Reproduction
Gamete Donation and Surrogacy
Thomas H. Murray, Families, the Marketplace and Values: New Ways of Making Babies
Bonnie Steinbock, Surrogate Motherhood as Prenatal Adoption
Human Cloning
Leon R. Kass, Cloning of Human Beings
*Thomas H. Murray, Even If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back
Robert Wachbroit, Genetic Encores: The Ethics of Human Cloning
Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis
*John A. Robertson, Extending Preimplanation Genetic Diagnosis: Medical and Non-Medical Uses
*President's Council on Bioethics, Selecting Embryos for Desired Traits
Gene Therapy
*Sophia Kolehmainen, The Dangerous Promise of Gene Therapy
*Marina Cavazzana-Calvo, Adrian Thrasher, and Fulvio Mavilio, The Future of Gene Therapy: Balancing the Risks and Benefits of Clinical Trials
LeRoy Walters and Julie Gage Palmer, Germ-Line Gene Therapy
Genetic Enhancement
*Walter Glannon, Genetic Enhancement
*Dan W. Brock, Genetic Engineering
Annotated Bibliography
Chapter 9: SOCIAL JUSTICE AND HEALTH-CARE POLICY
Justice, Rights and Societal Obligations
Allen Buchanan, Justice: A Philosophical Review
Kai Nelson, Autonomy, Equality and a Just Health Care System
Rationing, Managed Care, and Health-Care Reform in the United States
Norman Daniels, Is the Oregon Rationing Plan Fair?
Allen Buchanan, Managed Care: Rationing Without Justice, but Not Unjustly
*Leonard M. Fleck, Rationing: Don't Give Up
Norman Daniels and James Sabin, Closure, Fair Procedures, and Setting Limits Within Managed Care Organizations
*Ezekiel Emanuel, Health Care Reform: Still Possible
International Models and Perspectives
Pat Armstrong, Managing Care the Canadian Way
*John K. Iglehart, Restoring the Status of an Icon: A Talk with Canada's Minister of Health
Gerd Richter, The German Health Care System
Nicholas Mays and Justin Keen, Will the Fudge on Equity Sustain the NHS into the Next Millennium?
*Giovanna Ruberto, Ethics, Politics, and Priorities in the Italian Health-Care System
Annotated Bibliography
